Tuesday, June 19, 2012

The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie with illustrations by Ellen Forney


Alexie, Sherman, and Ellen Forney. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-time Indian. New York: Little, Brown, 2012. Kindle Edition. ISBN: 0316013684. (Originally published in print in 2007.)

Summary:

14 year-old Arnold “Junior” Spirit feels he is going nowhere fast on his reservation in the state of Washington. It all began the day in his math class when he was given his “new” textbook for the year – and it had his mother’s maiden name written in it. His “new” textbook was more than 30 years old! Junior throws his book in disgust, setting off a chain of events that would lead him to stop attending school on the “Rez” and seek his educational opportunities at the all-white high school 22 miles away. Soon, Junior finds himself a stranger in a strange land – not accepted in his new environment, yet vilified as a “traitor” by the only people he has known his whole life. Will Junior be able to navigate his new world while still staying true to the culture and only life he has ever known on the Rez? Will his family and friends ever forgive him if he does make it in the “white” world?


Review:

This novel is full of the despair and delight that one can only experience in true life. The story’s hero, Junior, is heartbreaking and hilarious all at once. During the reading of this novel, I often found myself laughing out loud while the tears were still pouring down my face from ex especially depressing paragraph. Born with several physical impairments as well as severe speech impediments, Junior is the object of bullying and taunting his whole life. he notes that he wants to grow up to be an artist “because words are too unpredictable…too limited” to get his full meaning across (Sherman, Kindle location 88). But, Junior states, the worst thing about his life on the rez is not the bullying. The worst thing is that the people growing up there have been poor for so long, they have come to feel they deserve their poverty. Despite this, Alexie is able to find with Junior the dark humor present in so many of life’s most depressing situations.

Alexie includes content and situations that would put this book at the top of many “challenged books” lists – masturbation, violent death, views on homosexuality, bullying – a veritable cornucopia of taboo subjects. But Alexie approaches these subjects in a very natural, conversational tone, completely from the point of view of a 14 year-old boy. I imagine that if I listened in on any teenaged boy and his friends during their most secret conversations, I might hear some of the same topics being discussed. It is because Alexie speaks of these topics in such a “normal” tone that this book should be celebrated rather than attacked. It is important for adolescents to form their own opinions from a variety of sources, then be able to discuss these “hot button” topics at home in an informed manner. Conversational introductions such as the ones presented in this book are an excellent way for teens to begin to form their own opinions. Reading this book and then discussing it together provides a natural means for parents and educators to act as the “frontal lobe” for the developing brain of teenagers (Gorman, 34). As Gorman stated in her article, teens’ brains are still developing, so their own sense of judgment can sometimes be questionable (34). This does not mean, however, that we should step in and prevent them from reading material we feel is risqué. Instead, we should embrace the opportunity to help teens develop their own decision making processes and problem solving skills by discussing topics that we as adults know are being discussed by students, but may normally feel uncomfortable discussing. Just because one is uncomfortable discussing a topic does not mean that topic does not exist in the real world. Students need the input and guidance (without being overbearing) of adults during a time in their lives when their rational decision making faculties are still developing.

Part of the reason why this book works so well is that Alexie states that a great many of the things that happened in this book are based on his own life as a teenager. Alexie is successfully able to put himself back in his teenaged mind-set to offer an authentic and realistic representation of what this particular teenage boy is experiencing and how he reacts to those experiences.

Overall, this novel is very powerful. However, there is one weakness – the final showdown between Junior and his former best friend Rowdy. In the book, Junior is suddenly able to jump higher, out-dribble and generally beat the socks off his former team. I find this a little hard to believe, however, considering the health problems Alexie made it a point to list at the beginning of the book. Yes, having a son with asthma and other health problems, I know it is possible to still play sports with these conditions. I also know that adrenaline is a powerful thing that can make the impossible seem possible. However, I also know that if a student had seizures, brain damage and a host of other physical problems, many schools would not let that student play sports due to liability reasons. That being said, this was the only weakness I perceived in the whole novel.


Awards:

National Book Award – 2007


Boston-Globe Horn Book Award – 2008


International Book on Books for Young People Sweden - Peter Pan Prize – 2009


California Young Reader Medal – 2010


Finalist,  Los Angeles Times Book Prize – 2007


Teaching Extensions:


Have students write a diary-type entry regarding a time in their lives when they felt they had to change something – location, image, hair, etc. – in order to make their lives better. Did it help? Did anything change?


Have students reflect on the scene where the brother are bullying Junior at the powwow. Have them write an entry from the brothers’ point of view explaining why they picked on him. Use examples of rationalizations from the book. Then discuss why these rationalizations are not an excuse to bully others.


Reference:


Gormon, M. (2006). The terrible teens. School Library Journal, 52(6), 34. http://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/CA6338706.html


Tuesday, June 12, 2012

"Hatchet" by Gary Paulsen

Hatchet by Gary Paulsen

Paulsen, Gary. Hatchet. Aladdin Paperbacks ed. New York: Aladdin Paperbacks, 2007. Print. 186 pp. ISBN-13: 978-1416948346. (Originally published by Bradbury Books in 1987.)

Summary:

Thirteen year-old Brian Robeson's mom and dad just went through a divorce, and now - instead of spending time with his whole family and his friends during the summer - Brian has to fly to Canada to visit his father. Brian is angry - angry at his parents, angry at the lawyers, angry at the judge and most of all, angry at his mother for The Secret that had torn his whole family apart. The Secret was the reason why his father was living and working so far away in the Canadian oil fields and Brian and his mother lived together in their old house.

In the course of his flight to visit his father, Brian's ripped from his own musings when the pilot - the only other person on the single-engine plane - has a heart attack and dies. Brian survives the initial plane crash but is only able to escape with a ripped up windbreaker and the small hatchet his mother gave him just before he got on the flight. Brian must use his wits and every ounce of strength he has (both mental and physical) in order to survive alone in the Canadian wilderness. Will he be rescued before winter comes? Will he, a soft city kid, be able to survive on his own?

Review:

This book was riveting from start to finish. Paulsen's work contains many of the qualities of good Young Adult literature discussed in Chapter 1 (Nilsen and Donelson, 17-37). The book involves switches back and forth through time as seen through Brian's memories of the events leading up to his parents' divorce and his trip to visit his father. While the book is not written in first person, it is written in an omniscient third person that allows the reader to see the world as Brian sees it and experience his thoughts and emotions fully. The action in the book centers around Brian's survival, which is accomplished purely through his own actions - thereby giving him the credit for his own accomplishments. The action is also fast paced, with edge-of-the-seat suspense both in pivotal scenes and a continuing tension throughout the novel centering around Brian's continued survival and his possibility of rescue. Despite all of the tension and despite a few (natural) outbursts by the main character, the book also retains a sense of optimism that Brian will be rescued, even if that means Brian must work harder on his own to make sure he is found. Just when it seems he is about to give up, something happens to give Brian the courage to keep surviving and keep working to help his would-be rescuers find him. Last but not least, there is additional tension in the book as readers try to discern just what the Secret is and why Brian is so angry about it. Through this work, readers are authentically able to relate with Brian's feelings about divorce, his mother's actions, and the legal system that so blithely split his family into pieces. One weakness about the story, in my opinion, is the scene where an animal attacks Brian for no apparent reason. The way it was written seemed to me as almost a random occurrence. There is no explanation for it. The scene would have been more believable if Paulsen had explained that the animal was protecting its baby nearby. But the way it occurs feels almost like Paulsen needed something bad to happen to Brian, so he pulled a scenario out of a hat. But that is the only weakness I perceived in the novel.

Awards:

"Hatchet" has won numerous awards, including its selection as a Newbery Honor Book, an ALA Best Book for Young Adults, an ALA Notable Children's Book, a Booklist Editor's Choice book, a Notable Children's Book in the Field of Social Studies, and multiple awards on the state level.

Teaching Extensions:

As a middle school English/Reading teacher, I could build an entire unit around this book. The Reader's Guide at the end of the edition I purchaced suggests that teachers ask students to create a list of 10 things they would NEED in order to survive. Once students had all created their lists, the teacher should ask the students to keep their lists in their binders to be used in a later exercise. Once the book had been read all the way through, engage the students in a discussion comparing their lists to the tools Brian had in "Hatchet."

While the students are reading the book, when they reach key passages, engage them in discussion regarding how they feel they would act and behave in similar situations. Most of my students have never lived outside of a city. With what survival skills, if any, would they be equipped to survive in the wilderness for 54 days? Discuss what keeps Brian optimistic about his rescue, and in what situations does that optimism slip?

When the book is finished, have the students write a different ending for the book in which Brian is NOT rescued before winter comes. What do they envision happens to Brian? When they have completed their versions, have the class read "Brian's Winter," Paulsen's vision of what would have happened to Brian if he had had to survive longer in the wild. Have the students write a comparison and contrast essay between their ending and Paulsen's revised one.

Assign the students to rewrite the story creating a version in which Brian must crash land the plane in an urban environment. What elements of the story would be different? Would it be harder to crash land a plane in the wilderness or in the city/suburbs?

As a tie-in with science and social studies, have students study about the area of Canada in which the story is set. Are Paulsen's descriptions of the landscape, geography and animal life correct? Do the animals actually behave in the ways Paulsen described? Are there really tornadoes in Canada? Can you eat raw turtle eggs and "gut cherries" without poisoning yourself?

Reference:

Nilsen, Alleen P, and Kenneth L. Donelson. Literature for Today's Young Adults. Boston: Pearson, 2009. Print.


Wednesday, May 4, 2011

Nation

Author: Terry Pratchett
Reading level: Young Adult
Paperback: 384 pages
Publisher: HarperCollins; Reprint edition (September 22, 2009)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 9780061433030
ISBN-13: 978-0061433030

Synopsis: Mau is just returning from his rite-of-passage voyage to his island home, Nation, when a great tsunami hits, nearly destroying everything and everyone. Caught between man and boy, Mau must struggle to keep what is left of his home together, and find more strength when he discovers he isn't the only survivor - and has somehow become their chief! Also caught up in the wave is young Ermintrude, an English girl of gentile breeding who was sailing to meet her father in his post of governor of a tropical island. Ermintrude - who rechristens herself Daphne because she hates her given name - is the sole survivor of her ship (or so she thinks) and must quickly learn a new language, a new culture and a new way of life.

Review: I could not put this book down. I've been a fan of Terry Pratchett since I read his collaboration with Neil Gaiman ("Good Omens"), but had read more of Gaiman's works than Pratchett's. The tagline on the book cover reads "When much is taken, something is gained." These wise words were spoken by an old man in Mau's village, and they set the theme for the entire novel. I heartily enjoyed everything about this book - romance, sacrifice, humor, peril, science - as well as the fact that the author states it took place in a parallel universe that had some of the same people in it as ours and many similar features, but not exactly the same. Within a few moments of opening the book, I was hooked and had suspended all disbelief. The characterizations were rich and lush. The animals and scenery were not just backdrops to the story, they were part of the fabric of the book and integral to everything in it. I recommend this book for "children" of all ages!

Awards/Reviews:

§         School Library Journal Best Book
§         Horn Book Fanfare
§         Kirkus Reviews Best Children’s Book
§         Bulletin Blue Ribbon (The Bulletin of the Center for Children’s Books)
§         Publishers Weekly Best Book
§         Michael L. Printz Honor Book
§         ALA Notable Children’s Book
§         ALA Top 10 Best Book for Young Adults
§         ALA Best of the Best Books for Young Adults
§         ALA Booklist Editors’ Choice
§         Kirkus Reviews Best Young Adult Book
§         Chicago Public Library Best of the Best
§         Horn Book Fanfare
§         Kirkus Reviews Best Children’s Book
§         Bulletin Blue Ribbon (The Bulletin of the Center for Children’s Books)
§         Publishers Weekly Best Book
§         Michael L. Printz Honor Book
§         ALA Notable Children’s Book
§         ALA Top 10 Best Book for Young Adults
§         ALA Best of the Best Books for Young Adults
§         ALA Booklist Editors’ Choice
§         Kirkus Reviews Best Young Adult Book
§         Chicago Public Library Best of the Best 


"The main characters are engaging and interesting, and are the perfect medium for the author's sly humor. Daphne is a close literary cousin of Tiffany Aching in her common sense and keen intelligence wedded to courage. A rich and thought-provoking read." - School Library Journal, starred review

"Critics praised Nation as a hybrid, deeply philosophical book aimed at young adults, but one likely to appeal to adults as well, much like Philip Pullman’s His Dark Materials trilogy or J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series. With echoes of William Defoe and William Golding, Nation takes the form of a “classic Robinsonade,” notes the Washington Post—that is, a book in which characters on a desert island recreate civilization. As his characters grapple with questions of leadership, humanity, and survival, Pratchett explores fundamental ideas about religion and culture. This might all sound rather heavy, but there is plenty of originality and humor—and cannibals, spirits, and secret treasures—to go around. In the end, Pratchett offers a vision of a deeply humane world." - Bookmarks Magazine review
"It is hard to imagine a reader who won’t feel welcomed into this nation." - Horn Book, starred review

Connections:

After reading the novel, give students print outs of Terry Pratchett's essay on the inspiration for "Nation" at http://www.harpercollins.com/author/authorExtra.aspx?authorID=7848&isbn13=9780061433016&displayType=bookessay. After reading, look up the Krakatoa and Indonesian tsunamis and compare news/history accounts with how Pratchett described it in his book. What was different? What was similar? Turn this into a journal entry.

On page 1, the fable of how Imo Made the World is told. In their journals, have students write prose or poetry of their own creation myth. What would the god(s)' name(s) be? How did the create the world? What did they put in it?

After students have done this, have them write a story of what happens in this imagined world. Is it like our world, or completely different?

Lunch Lady and The Cyborg Substitute

Author: Jarrett J. Krosoczka
Reading level: Ages 9-12
Paperback: 96 pages
Publisher: Knopf Books for Young Readers (July 28, 2009)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 9780375846830
ISBN-13: 978-0375846830

Synopsis: Lunch Lady is not only serving up meals in the cafeteria, she's serving up justice so she can make sure the students are safe! Follow the adventures of Lunch Lady and her faithful assistant Betty, along with student sleuths Hector, Dee and Terrence as they discover there's something fishy about the new substitute, and it isn't just the daily special they're smelling!

Review: This graphic novel was a quick read, but a very fun one. As would be expected, there's lots of action and humor. I especially enjoyed all of Lunch Lady's weapons disguised as ordinary cafeteria fare and utensils! Although the only colors in the graphic novel are black, white, gray and yellow, this does not detract from the plot line in the book - in fact, it seems to point the reader to where the focus needs to be, without a lot of background "clutter" to get in the way. I especially enjoyed the cliff-hanger ending of the book, sure to send readers scrambling for the next installment.

Awards/Reviews:

- WINNER 2009 Kid's Indie Next List "Inspired Recommendations for Kids from Indie Booksellers"
- WINNER 2010 Cooperative Children's Book Center Choices

"Yellow-highlighted pen-and-ink cartoons are as energetic and smile-provoking as Lunch Lady’s epithets of 'Cauliflower!' and Betty’s ultimate weapon, the hairnet. There is a nice twist in the surprise ending, and the kids’ ability to stand up to the school bully shows off their newfound confidence in a credible manner. Little details invite and reward repeat readings with visual as well as verbal punning." - Booklist review

Connections:

Get students to make their own superhero weapon for Lunch Lady to use. Print handouts of a page from the book at  http://www.lunchladycomics.com/llfinishthestory.pdf and let students write and draw their own dialouge and superhero gadget!

Print out more gadget blueprints for students from http://www.lunchladycomics.com/bettysblueprints.pdf and let students make their own blueprints and gadgets. Then have students write a journal entry about how Lunch Lady uses the new gadget(s). If students are artistically inclined, they can write it in graphic novel form. If not, prose is fine.

Prior to using this book in class, download and peruse the teachers' resource on the use of graphic novels from Random House  http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/teachers_guides/9780375846830.pdf. There are great ideas for integrating graphic novels into the classroom!

Tuesday, May 3, 2011

Joey Pigza Loses Control

Title: Joey Pigza Loses Control
Author: Jack Gantos
Reading level: Ages 9-12
Paperback: 208 pages
Publisher: HarperCollins (March 5, 2002)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 9780064410229
ISBN-13: 978-0064410229

Synopsis: In the second book in this series about mixed up, tumbled-about, hyperactive Joey Pigza, Joey and his dog, Pablo, go to visit his father for the summer - A father Joey doesn't remember. Carter Pigza turns out to be just like Joey, only bigger and in denial that he has problems. Carter insists that Joey doesn't need medication to control his ADD, he just needs willpower. Just when Joey had a handle on his ADD, Carter comes into his life and flushes all Joey's medicine down the toilet. As Joey feels his control slipping away and all his old bad habits coming back, he wonders (as does the reader) if he will ever find his way back to control again.

Review:  As the parent of a child with ADHD (although not nearly as severe as Joey's), my heart hurt reading this book. Carter's insistence that all Joey needs to be "normal" is more willpower is so familiar to me. The fact that my son is medicated to help him focus has been questioned (and re-questioned ad inifinitum) by family, friends, and even people who are virtual strangers. Joey is a fully formed, multidimensional character. He practically leaps off the page; however, the same cannot be said for some of the adult characters. At times, the adults in Joey's life seem more like caricatures than real people. Because the books are aimed at middle schoolers, this is not detrimental to the story. As it should be, the main focus is on Joey and his internal dialogue. While in some parts the book was depressing, it was also by turns uplifting and hilarious.

Awards/Reviews:

 - Newbery Honor Book
 - ALA Notable Book
 - Publishers Weekly Best Book
 - School Library Journal Best Book
 - Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books Blue Ribbon Book
 - New York Times Book Review Notable Book
 - Booklist Editors' Choice
 - Horn Book Fanfare Book

"Hilarious, harrowing, and ultimately heartening." - School Library Journal, starred review

"A truly memorable read." - ALA Booklist, starred review

"Like its predecessor, this high-voltage, honest novel mixes humor, pain, fear and courage with deceptive ease. Struggling to please everyone even as he sees himself hurtling toward disaster, Joey emerges as a sympathetic hero, and his heart of gold never loses its shine." - Publishers Weekly

"Jack Gantos's second book about Joey Pigza is just as delightful and soulful as his first. Joey's attempts to keep the fragile peace in his life intact are touching, and his intense longing to just be normal will mirror the feelings of most preteens, whether they have ADD or not. Joey Pigza may sometimes lose control, but he never loses his heart. This is an exceptional sequel." - Amazon.com

Connections:
Read students the passage on page 52 in which Joey talks about "becoming two Joeys" — "one Joey for Mom and a different Joey for Dad."

As a class, discuss what Joey means in the above quote. Ask students: Have you ever felt this way? When? Why? They may wish to share their personal stories of feeling like two different people; for example, a student may feel like one person with their friends and a different person with their parents or teachers. What problems does this cause for you? What problems does this cause for Joey?

As a follow-up to this discussion, have students write a journal entry (prose or poetry) about a time in their lives when they felt like they had to be two different versions of themselves.

Ask students to further explore the idea of dual identities. Ask students to imagine the "two Joeys" having a dialogue or conversation. What would they say to each other? What is on the mind of "Mom's Joey"? What is on the mind of "Dad's Joey"? Make a list of the different thoughts, concerns, and opinions of the two Joeys.

Thursday, April 21, 2011

Casting the Gods Adrift: A Tale of Ancient Egypt

Author: Geraldine McCaughrean
Illustrator: Patricia D. Ludlow
Reading level: Ages 9-12
Hardcover: 112 pages
Publisher: Cricket Books (May 2003)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0812626842
ISBN-13: 978-0812626841

Synopsis: Tutmose, his brother (Ibrim) and his father (Harkut) are chosen to go work as skilled craftsmen for Akhenaten, the new Pharoah of Egypt. After only an initial reluctance based more on the thought of their father's wrath than any devotion to multiple gods, Tutmose and Ibrim willingly accept the new king's commandment to worship only one God. But Harkut, who was raised in a polytheistic society, cannot do as commanded, and begins to plot ways to kill the king. Will Tutmose and Ibrim make their father see reason, or will Harkut succeed in killing the Pharoah?


Review: For the most part this book was enjoyable, with rich details - many of which I had encountered in my previous amateur Egyptologist studies. The details are mostly rich and the characterizations of Tutmose and Ibrim are highly developed. However, the same cannot be said about the Pharoah and his family. For the most part, though, this book was highly enjoyable and provided a nice, quick interlude into the past.


Awards/Reviews:

No awards for this title

McCaughrean has told a fine story, and though the themes and vocabulary may be advanced for the intended audience, readers will most likely just enjoy the story. The characters are lively, and the plot moves nicely. Budding Egyptologists will savor this title with its historical references and detailed backdrop. - School Library Journal

McCaughrean gives readers a glimpse into Egypt's future (and a reference to an archeological find that could well pique interest in further study). - Publishers Weekly

The author's thoughtful consideration of belief systems in conflict adds depth to Tutmose's lively account of life in Pharaoh's entourage, and the development of his own religious convictions. - Kirkus Reviews

Connections:

For fun, after reading this novel, have students read "Tut, Tut" by Jon Scieszka. (Puffin, 1998). The Trio finds themselves in ancient Egypt where they must outwit the pharaoh's evil advisor. After reading, have students point out what historical elements were similar in both books, what was different, etc.

Study ancient Egyptian history, math and writing at http://www.discoveringegypt.com/hiromenu.htm. After learning about just how ancient Ancient Egypt really is, Egyptian mathematics and more. For fun, allow students to go to the site during computer time and see their name in hieroglyphics, play games and more.

Sunday, April 17, 2011

Wednesday Wars, The

Title: The Wednesday Wars
Author: Gardy D. Schmidt
Reading level: Ages 9-12
Paperback: 272 pages
Publisher: Sandpiper; Reprint edition (May 18, 2009)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 054723760X
ISBN-13: 978-0547237602

Synopsis: In 1967, everyone (read: adults) has bigger things to worry about than one 7th grade boy's problems with his teacher. Holling Hoodhood is the last presbyterian left in his class. On Wednesday afternoons, when all his Jewish classmates Hebrew school to prepare for their bar- or bat-mitzvahs and the other half goes to Catechism, Holling is the only kid left in class - effectively putting a stop to his teacher, Mrs. Baker's, free Wednesday afternoons. In a move Holling is sure is prompted by Mrs. Baker's hatred for him, his teacher decides she will read the works of William Shakespeare with Holling on those Wednesday afternoons. Who knew studying The Bard would help form so much of Holling's character?

Review: There aren't enough positive things to say about this book. At turns it made me cry, laugh out loud, and get angry - sometimes within the space of a few minutes! Holling Hoodhood and Mrs. Baker are fully realized people on the page, not just flat characterizations. The events of the late 1960s are told from a fresh perspective and filtered through the mind and viewpoint of a teenaged boy. Having a teenaged boy myself, I can verify that the events Holling finds so "traumatic" are very true of real teenagers. I have already given the book to my son and told him to read it!

Awards/Reviews:
  • 2008 -- Newbery Honor Book
  • 2008 -- ALA Notable Children's Book
  • 2008 -- ALA Best Book for Young Adults
  • 2007 -- Booklist Editors' Choice
  • 2007 -- National Parenting Publications Book Award
  • 2007 -- NY Public Library, 100 Titles for Reading
  • 2007 -- Book Sense Award Finalist
"Schmidt rises above the novel's conventions to create memorable and believable characters." Horn Book, Starred

"[An] entertaining and nuanced novel.... There are laugh-out-loud moments that leaven the many poignant ones." School Library Journal

"An accessible, humorous school story, and at the same time, an insightful coming-of-age tale." Bookpage

Connections:

Prior to reading "The Wednesday Wars", the teacher will create anticipation guides for students to complete before and contemplate during reading the book. A guide to creating anticipation guides can be found at http://novelinks.byu.edu/uploads/Novels/TheWednesdayWars/Anticipation%20Guide.pdf.

Prior to reading the novel, port a laptop to the overhead projector and go to http://jlindabu.glogster.com/The-Wednesday-Wars/. This "glog" gives a pictorial and text overview of the novel. Use to fan interest in the novel.

Read excerpts from the Shakespearian plays "Holling" reads in the book.

Compile research books on Martin Luther King, Jr., Bobby Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Nixon and other historical figures of the time. Assign students to groups and assign each group a historical figure to research and give a presentation to the class on. Students can choose to give a straight stand-up report, create a faux news interview with the historical figure, or any other number of ways to present their assigned historical figure to the rest of the class.

Invite a community member who was in middle school in the late 1960s to come talk about their experiences, what they remember about the days when King and Kennedy (both brothers) were killed and any other recollections of their childhoods in that era.